About BioMechanical Strength Training
Personalized assessment
Compound movements are at the core of most athletic programs; like the popular powerlifting movements used for general strength training, squat, bench press, and deadlift. These compound movements are made from three types of muscles involved in the movement; the agonist or prime mover, the synergist or assisting muscles, and the stabilizing muscles. Each group plays a unique role in all compound exercise. Muscular balance within these movements is essential to continued strength training with both improvement and injury prevention. A common problem with strength training is continuing to improve without over training the relatively stronger muscles within the movement Often, these exercises are limited by the weakest muscle or muscle group, and failure of a single muscle can cause a quadratic force relationship to the surrounding muscles in terms of measured electrical activation, which over time leads to poor biomechanics in the movement as these surrounding muscle have a greater relative development. Eventually this imbalance will progress to a risk factor for injury.
Previous strength training systems, “structural balance assessments”, which attempt to solve this problem have been limited to indirectly modeling joint dynamics from a small set of reference lifts to determine the biomechanical balance of the muscles involved in a movement. Additionally, due to the limited number of reference lifts, they can not account for principles of kinesiology determined through segment analysis nor can they incorporate the use of one-rep max calculators in determining a users strength level for a reference lift.
A discovery was made finding patterns, both in a large data set of lifts (strength level’s strength standards) and EMG data (when controlled for segment weight - a key observation), that independently predict one another thus giving a biomechanical ideal for human physiology in training through powerlifting. These biomechanical ideals are used for the system of BioMechanical Strength Training.
BioMechanical Strength Training calculates the weakest muscles involved in a compound movement and provides training recommendations to prevent a muscular imbalance as a user develops. This is done according to an analysis that directly predicts joint dynamics and muscular balance from an isolated assessment of the involved muscles of a given compound movement. Due to the isolated nature of assessment the analysis is comprehensive in both accounting for individual segment factors (body weight, limb weight, height, sex, etc…) and the exercises used for an isolated assessment can be calculated through a one-rep max formula. This can be used to target accessory work in general, or ideally in a progressive overload 5x5 program (for the powerlifting movements). By focusing on the powerlifting movements a full body functional strength and conditioning routine can be pursued with biomechanical balance ideals. However the scope is not limited to powerlifting and may be expanded/used for sport and position specific training as well.
Patent Pending
The Intellectual Property PCT filing (see abstract below) was found to have all criteria for patentability (including: all claims, novelty, inventive step, industrial applicability, unity of invention, abstract, and drawings) in an overwhelmingly positive written opinion (WO) by the International Searching Authority (ISA - for which the USPTO functioned as the ISA). Under PCT Chapter 1 the WO-ISA was converted to an International Preliminary Report on Patentability (IPRP), which in most regional and national offices (including the U.S., EPO and PRC) as positive is according to the World Intellectual Property Organization (WIPO), with the submission of a national or regional phase application “a direct grant is expected" https://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/aspac/en/wipo_reg_pct_tyo_13/wipo_reg_pct_tyo_13_t5.pdf .
The PCT application was published October 2022 and can be found with the WO-ISA and IPRP on patentscope with the following link on google patents on the right side under "external links"
https://patents.google.com/patent/WO2022221292A1/en
or directly on the WIPO site under documents at https://patentscope.wipo.int/search/en/detail.jsf?docId=WO2022221292 .
Publication of US national phase application: https://patentimages.storage.googleapis.com/ad/b8/70/05ad127aaf6a0f/US20240091593A1.pdf .
Abstract from PCT (approved by ISA in written opinion):
Athletic strength training for both development and therapy involves compound athletic movements, like those specific to a sport such as throwing a pitch or those at the core of most athletic programs; like the popular powerlifting movements used for general strength training, back squat, bench press, and deadlift. By creation of reference sets from elite athletes ideal biomechanics profiles for these compound movements may be created. Thus establishing both a profile for assessing target athletes through a personal analysis as well as to prescribe training for target athletes. This reduces injury risks during development and athletic performance, accelerates strength development, and allows novel therapeutic approaches to injuries.
History
A few years ago when I began to take exercise more seriously I wanted to focus on strength training to build muscle while burning fat and improving my athletic performance. I started with simple 5x5 programs that use progressive overload like the bench, squat, and deadlift. As I continued to train I noticed that I was able to do more push-ups than one would expect given my bench press. As I thought about the movement I noticed they had a lot of similarities and online guides for a mass audience usually called both chest exercises. After doing some more research I came across electromyography profiles for activation in the push-up. I found that compared to a bench press there is far more abdominal and bicep activation. From here the idea came to read more into what made a bench press in terms of muscle groups. I found that there are three categories; prime, synergist, and stabilizer. It was here the idea came to do isolated work on each and use this to “predict” a bench press - thereby creating a biomechanics analysis. For a few years the idea seemed like it would have to wait until there was a much greater availability of EMG sources. Then in late 2018 a strength tracking website called Strength Level began to post “strength standards” for both the major compound lifts and isolated exercises. At first glance the data didn’t show any clear pattern even where EMG would predict; at a low body weight trained lifters outperformed the bench press on the pectoral fly and vice versa at a higher one. Then when staring at an EMG study and the 98% activation between the two previously mentioned exercises I realized the numbers worked at around 160-180 lbs with a small error. The following realization was that the EMG study I was reading had used a participant with a similar body weight. After this I began to reassess the Strength Level data with use of average body weight segment analysis. At this point a predictive effect appeared across the data. This was the moment that the process of BMST was formed - when this large public dataset began to have meaning through this predictive effect when assessed with EMG and segment analysis.
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